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query( * new Query($name, Message::TYPE_AAAA, Message::CLASS_IN) * )->then(function (Message $message) { * foreach ($message->answers as $answer) { * echo 'IPv6: ' . $answer->data . PHP_EOL; * } * }, 'printf'); * * $loop->run(); * ``` * * See also the [fourth example](examples). * * Note that this executor does not implement a timeout, so you will very likely * want to use this in combination with a `TimeoutExecutor` like this: * * ```php * $executor = new TimeoutExecutor( * new UdpTransportExecutor($nameserver, $loop), * 3.0, * $loop * ); * ``` * * Also note that this executor uses an unreliable UDP transport and that it * does not implement any retry logic, so you will likely want to use this in * combination with a `RetryExecutor` like this: * * ```php * $executor = new RetryExecutor( * new TimeoutExecutor( * new UdpTransportExecutor($nameserver, $loop), * 3.0, * $loop * ) * ); * ``` * * Note that this executor is entirely async and as such allows you to execute * any number of queries concurrently. You should probably limit the number of * concurrent queries in your application or you're very likely going to face * rate limitations and bans on the resolver end. For many common applications, * you may want to avoid sending the same query multiple times when the first * one is still pending, so you will likely want to use this in combination with * a `CoopExecutor` like this: * * ```php * $executor = new CoopExecutor( * new RetryExecutor( * new TimeoutExecutor( * new UdpTransportExecutor($nameserver, $loop), * 3.0, * $loop * ) * ) * ); * ``` * * > Internally, this class uses PHP's UDP sockets and does not take advantage * of [react/datagram](https://github.com/reactphp/datagram) purely for * organizational reasons to avoid a cyclic dependency between the two * packages. Higher-level components should take advantage of the Datagram * component instead of reimplementing this socket logic from scratch. */ final class UdpTransportExecutor implements ExecutorInterface { private $nameserver; private $loop; private $parser; private $dumper; /** * @param string $nameserver * @param LoopInterface $loop */ public function __construct($nameserver, LoopInterface $loop) { if (\strpos($nameserver, '[') === false && \substr_count($nameserver, ':') >= 2 && \strpos($nameserver, '://') === false) { // several colons, but not enclosed in square brackets => enclose IPv6 address in square brackets $nameserver = '[' . $nameserver . ']'; } $parts = \parse_url((\strpos($nameserver, '://') === false ? 'udp://' : '') . $nameserver); if (!isset($parts['scheme'], $parts['host']) || $parts['scheme'] !== 'udp' || !\filter_var(\trim($parts['host'], '[]'), \FILTER_VALIDATE_IP)) { throw new \InvalidArgumentException('Invalid nameserver address given'); } $this->nameserver = 'udp://' . $parts['host'] . ':' . (isset($parts['port']) ? $parts['port'] : 53); $this->loop = $loop; $this->parser = new Parser(); $this->dumper = new BinaryDumper(); } public function query(Query $query) { $request = Message::createRequestForQuery($query); $queryData = $this->dumper->toBinary($request); if (isset($queryData[512])) { return \React\Promise\reject(new \RuntimeException( 'DNS query for ' . $query->name . ' failed: Query too large for UDP transport', \defined('SOCKET_EMSGSIZE') ? \SOCKET_EMSGSIZE : 90 )); } // UDP connections are instant, so try connection without a loop or timeout $socket = @\stream_socket_client($this->nameserver, $errno, $errstr, 0); if ($socket === false) { return \React\Promise\reject(new \RuntimeException( 'DNS query for ' . $query->name . ' failed: Unable to connect to DNS server (' . $errstr . ')', $errno )); } // set socket to non-blocking and immediately try to send (fill write buffer) \stream_set_blocking($socket, false); \fwrite($socket, $queryData); $loop = $this->loop; $deferred = new Deferred(function () use ($loop, $socket, $query) { // cancellation should remove socket from loop and close socket $loop->removeReadStream($socket); \fclose($socket); throw new CancellationException('DNS query for ' . $query->name . ' has been cancelled'); }); $parser = $this->parser; $loop->addReadStream($socket, function ($socket) use ($loop, $deferred, $query, $parser, $request) { // try to read a single data packet from the DNS server // ignoring any errors, this is uses UDP packets and not a stream of data $data = @\fread($socket, 512); try { $response = $parser->parseMessage($data); } catch (\Exception $e) { // ignore and await next if we received an invalid message from remote server // this may as well be a fake response from an attacker (possible DOS) return; } // ignore and await next if we received an unexpected response ID // this may as well be a fake response from an attacker (possible cache poisoning) if ($response->id !== $request->id) { return; } // we only react to the first valid message, so remove socket from loop and close $loop->removeReadStream($socket); \fclose($socket); if ($response->tc) { $deferred->reject(new \RuntimeException( 'DNS query for ' . $query->name . ' failed: The server returned a truncated result for a UDP query', \defined('SOCKET_EMSGSIZE') ? \SOCKET_EMSGSIZE : 90 )); return; } $deferred->resolve($response); }); return $deferred->promise(); } }